Cannabis is (nearly) as old as time. 

Fossil records have determined that the plant sprang up sometime in the middle of the Oligocene epoch, 34-23 million years ago, on the Tibetan Plateau, a region that is now home to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. One or more Neolithic groups likely domesticated it, and it traveled throughout Asia and into Europe by the Bronze Ages. 

Cannabis has been recognized for its medicinal properties almost as long as people have been using it. The first definitive reference to cannabis as medicine dates back to 2800 BCE, when the Emperor of China and Father of Chinese Medicine, Shen Nung, listed it in his pharmacopoeia. People in India, Assyria, Greece, and Rome also used cannabis to treat conditions like arthritis, asthma, and depression.

Despite millennia of use, many people are still wary of cannabis and its role in modern medicine. In the United States, New Mexico recognized marijuana as a legitimate medical treatment for cancer patients in 1978, and California became the first state to legalize it for broader medical purposes in 1996. The recency of these changes has led many to believe that it has only had a role in Western medicine for the last five decades. 

But that’s not the full story. For years before cannabis was deemed an illegal substance, it was regularly dispensed for a wide variety of ailments in settings that would be familiar to many. Don’t believe us? Keep reading for a brief history of cannabis in Western medicine.

The O’Shaughnessy Effect

In 1833, a 24-year-old Irishman, William Brooke O’Shaughnessy, arrived in India. O’Shaunghnessy, an assistant physician in the East India Trading Company, actively pursued a wide range of interests and conducted extensive research. One area he invested a lot of time in was the study of cannabis and its medicinal properties. 

He found that the plant, when administered in correct doses, could help with the pain of rheumatism and could negate some of the more troubling effects of conditions like rabies and cholera. Indian locals already knew it to be true, but his research confirmed it and gave the findings a new air of legitimacy by publishing them in journals familiar to Western medicine. Many doctors in America and Europe, encouraged by O’Shanughessy’s research and findings, began to slowly introduce cannabis-based treatments to their own patients. 

Shortly thereafter, in 1851, cannabis was included in the 3rd edition of the United States Pharmacopeia, the official compendium of medicinal drug information. This inclusion meant that cannabis had a widely recognized medicinal value through the 19th century, and the United States Pharmacopeial Convention formally condoned its use in treatments for various diseases. 

Cannabis Goes Mainstream

Fifteen years later, in 1865, cannabis had gone from niche treatment to common antidote, frequently appearing in The Dispensatory of the United States of America, a comprehensive guide to medicinal drugs for pharmacists. The book suggested preparing cannabis as a tincture and using it in place of opium, as the two produced similar results, but cannabis had far fewer negative side effects. 

The Dispensatory recommended using cannabis to treat a long list of disorders, like “neuralgia, gout, rheumatism, tetanus, hydrophobia, epidemic cholera, convulsions, chorea, hysteria, mental depression, delirium tremens, insanity, and uterine haemorrhage.”

Major pharmaceutical companies like Eli Lilly, Parke-Davis (owned by Pfizer), and Squibb (of Bristol-Myers Squibb) all sold cannabis-based drugs in the early 1900s. And according to Forbes, “almost 6% of all manufactured drugs at the turn of the century contained cannabis in one form or another.” Meaning that cannabis wasn’t just a niche ingredient, sold only by alternative healers, but something widely available on the commercial market.

READ: The Turbulent History of the Hemp Plant

Morphine and the Pure Food and Drug Act

Tides began to turn for cannabis following the Civil War, thanks to an uptick in morphine addictions. This was supercharged by the invention of the hypodermic needle and syringe during that time, allowing for fast-acting, injectable delivery of morphine – causing an explosion of opioid abuse by the end of the 19th century.

Morphine played a major role in early pain medications and was widely used during the Civil War to treat injured soldiers. As a result, thousands of soldiers developed addictions. At the time, society lacked compassion toward addiction and often dismissed it as a “moral deficiency.” Eventually, however, doctors acknowledged the growing crisis and recognized that morphine—once believed to be safe and non-addictive—was the root cause.

In 1906, the Pure Food and Drug Act was passed, requiring that medicines containing intoxicants, like morphine, be labeled as such. The passing of the act also led to the creation of the Federal Drug Administration, the government agency that would eventually classify cannabis as a Schedule I substance.

The Pure Food and Drug Act also inspired people to take a more critical look at other “intoxicating” ingredients like cannabis. Opinions on the substance began to shift from safe and permissible to wary, marking the beginning of the end of medical marijuana.

The Downfall of Medical Marijuana

In 1937, the Marihuana Tax Act was passed, which stopped the use of cannabis as a recreational drug by regulating its importation, distribution, cultivation, and possession. But the head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics at the time, Harry Anslinger, pushed for more.

His efforts eventually led to the Boggs Act of 1951 and the Narcotics Control Act of 1956, both of which increased the regulations around cannabis. In 1970, Congress passed the Controlled Substances Act, classifying cannabis as a Schedule I narcotic and making it federally illegal for medical or recreational use.

It wasn’t until the HIV/AIDS epidemic began in the 1980s that the medical community reconsidered cannabis again for medicinal uses. As it stands right now, the FDA has officially approved one cannabis-derived product and three synthetic cannabis-related products for medical use. The medications are only available with a prescription, and are not yet widely used, but their approval seems to indicate that the federal government’s attitudes towards medical cannabis are changing yet again. 

These medications aren’t trailblazers, like the hype surrounding them may lead you to believe, but a return to our roots.

The post A Brief History of Cannabis in Western Medicine appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Cannabis elevates things like creative thinking, music, and food—but what happens when you bring it into the world of adventure? 

As research continues to uncover the effects of cannabis, we better understand how it doesn’t just enhance everyday life—it also amplifies thrilling experiences. THC calms the mind, boosts mood, heightens sensory perception, and intensifies feelings of novelty. 

As a result, cannabis transforms an already exciting activity into an even more unforgettable adventure. Whether flying through the trees on a zipline or racing along a roller coaster track, the right cannabis strain helps you tap into a marveling present-moment awareness. 

In this guide, we’ll break down how cannabis enhances adventure—and which strains best complement each heart-pounding activity.

How and Why Cannabis Can Enhance Everyday Activities 

Research shows that using cannabis, primarily with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), can make many activities or exercise feel more enjoyable because of the way it affects the human brain. Participants in this pioneering 2023 exercise study noted greater increases in the positive aspects of exercise like enjoyment, affect, and runner’s high; however, they also noted more exertion.

It’s no secret that most people love trying new experiences. That’s why we travel to unfamiliar places, and why those journeys delight us. People meditate to refresh their view of everyday life or seek change, simply because it feels rewarding. Our brain’s natural chemistry, similar to cannabis’s THC, is called the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS drives our love of novelty experiences. 

When you consume cannabis, it boosts the ECS system and intensifies the thrill of newness, often making things feel more pleasurable and exciting. Intoxicating THC enhances sensory perception, particularly in the areas of sound, color, and touch.

Understanding how cannabis makes the world more interesting begins in the brain, specifically in the mesocorticolimbic and salience networks. These are the brain’s pleasure pathways, which are influenced by CB1 receptors and engaged when we do enjoyable activities like listening to music. 

These parts of the brain constantly compare incoming sensory information to pleasurable or alerting experiences. When they detect something unfamiliar, such as when you visit a new place or try a new experience, it creates a unique sensation of alertness and novelty by releasing dopamine. Over time, as the experience becomes familiar, that alertness fades.

The ECS plays a crucial role in the functioning of the brain. When cannabinoid activity rises, THC triggers CB1 receptors, and the brain lowers its threshold for detecting novelty. Cannabinoids are chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant—almost 200 cannabinoids have been identified in cannabis that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system. 

THC, the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, activates cannabinoid receptors more strongly and for longer than our body’s natural endocannabinoids, like anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). This makes the brain more sensitive to new or previously unnoticed details.

As a result, even everyday sights and sounds feel fresh again. Cannabis users often describe marveling at simple things that most people stop noticing in early childhood. With THC boosting activity in the amygdala, everything suddenly seems magical again, and life becomes more vibrant and dramatic. Cannabis consumption is similar to what runners often credit as endorphins for their post-run high, but jogging raises endocannabinoid levels even more than endorphins, and anandamide causes the runner’s high. 

Because cannabis heightens the feeling of novelty, many people return to it for that experience. For them, cannabis becomes their gateway to wonder. Others use the high to reconnect with details they’ve overlooked—such as music, nature, or the taste of food—and later try to stay mindful of these joys without cannabis. This makes cannabis use more like a teacher than a crutch.

Overall, cannabis typically brings a sense of calm, connection, and overall well-being. 

Cannabis and Thrilling Activities: The Perfect Match

Cannabis can positively affect the brain in ways that can make thrilling activities even more exciting and enjoyable. 

Strains high in THC can temporarily increase dopamine levels, which boost pleasure, motivation, reward, and that classic “feel-good” buzz. That’s why many people reach for cannabis instead of alcohol when they want a bit of “liquid courage”—without the harsh side effects or crash that often come with drinking.

Cannabis also boosts divergent thinking—the creative problem‑solving mindset—so it primes you for high‑energy activities. It turns thrilling experiences, such as zip‑lining through a forest or spending a day at a theme park, into unforgettable adventures. However, picking the right cannabis strain for the activity is key. 

Thrilling Activities That Pair Perfectly With Cannabis

Cannabis can enhance just about any activity, but some thrilling activities pair exceptionally well with its effects. Nevertheless, there are several safety cautions to go over first before embarking on your cannabis adventure.

Just be sure that you know yourself, proper dosing, familiarity with the activity, and most importantly, aren’t too intoxicated. THC in cannabis causes motor discoordination and anxiety. You don’t want to fall and injure yourself, nor become too anxious or paranoid in public. Needless to say, planning a ride in advance to and from these activities is essential while under the influence.

Similarly, understand that there is a legal waiver process involved for many outdoor activities done at amusement parks and private entertainment facilities. Always be sure to double-check your facilities’ policies regarding proceeding while under the influence before signing. This means they won’t be held responsible if you hurt yourself, and may deny entry if they suspect you’re intoxicated or holding weed, typically checked by security search, smell, or seeing obvious impairment.

Sativa strains typically deliver energy and euphoria, making them ideal for active, upbeat outings. Indica strains are known for their calming and relaxing effects, making them better suited for more intense or nerve-wracking experiences. Hybrid strains can strike a balance, making them an excellent option for those seeking a middle ground.

Below is a list of thrilling experiences that perfectly complement cannabis consumption, along with the types of strains best suited to elevate each adventure.

Zip-lining

Zip-lining offers a natural high, combining speed, heights, and breathtaking landscape views. Cannabis—particularly sativa strains—can strengthen your connection to nature, boost sensory awareness, and intensify feelings of awe and exhilaration. THC increases the brain’s sensitivity to sensory input, helping users immerse themselves more fully in their surroundings—perfect for scenic ziplining.

A sativa or sativa-dominant hybrid strain, such as Green Crack or Super Lemon Haze, provides energizing and uplifting effects that enhance alertness and deepen appreciation for the natural scenery. For your safety, always follow their instructions and be careful when going up or down stairs from high places and canopies.

Parasailing

Parasailing combines serenity with thrill as you soar high above the water, feeling the wind on your face and taking in panoramic ocean views. Cannabis can help alleviate common nervousness before parasailing, while also enhancing the overall experience. THC specifically can elevate mood and reduce anxiety and nausea, especially in low to moderate doses.

Consider consuming a balanced hybrid, such as Blue Dream or Pineapple Express. These strains provide mild relaxation to soothe nerves, while offering enough cerebral stimulation to elevate the joy of gliding above the sea.

Theme Parks and Roller Coasters

Roller coasters provide a controlled, relatively safe way to embrace fear, speed, and intense sensory input. A low dose of THC can amplify excitement, quiet overthinking, and help you stay present—enhancing the thrill of the rides.

A sativa, such as Jack Herer or Durban Poison, delivers mental clarity and excitement without causing a couch-lock feeling. These strains also provide energizing effects for exploring the theme park on foot. Since theme parks often involve significant walking, choosing a strain containing terpenes with therapeutic benefits, such as those that reduce inflammation and alleviate pain, can also be a great option.

READ: Different Strains Of Weed: A Comprehensive Guide

Skydiving and Indoor Skydiving

Skydiving offers the ultimate adrenaline rush, while indoor skydiving provides a similar sensation without the complete freefall of jumping from a plane.

It might be best to avoid consuming cannabis immediately before a real jump for safety and alertness. Instead, taking CBD, CBG, or microdosing cannabis before indoor skydiving or well ahead of an outdoor jump can help ease nerves and keep you focused and present. Research shows that THC increases dopamine and modulates emotional responses, helping manage stress and experience euphoria more intensely.

For outdoor jumps, hemp strains or products high in CBD or CBG can relieve a lot of anxiety and nausea without getting high. You can also choose a mild hybrid strain like Harlequin (which contains CBD for anxiety relief) if consumed well in advance. A sativa strain, such as Sour Diesel or Tropicana Cookies, may boost exhilaration and awareness while maintaining high energy levels for indoor skydiving.

Surfing and Paddleboarding

Being on the water naturally induces a meditative state and connection with nature. Cannabis strengthens your connection with the environment, helping you stay relaxed and in sync with the rhythm of the waves while surfing or paddleboarding. It may also reduce performance anxiety. 

Consider a strain like Maui Wowie for a light, tropical-themed, and energetic experience. Another great option could be a CBD-dominant strain like Harle-Tsu if you prefer the benefits of cannabis without a strong high for more intense surfing. 

Mountain Biking or Trail Riding

The natural beauty of the trail, combined with bursts of adrenaline, creates a thrilling experience that cannabis can enhance. The THC in cannabis can deepen your connection with nature and boost your mood. Just be sure to keep the dosage low to maintain coordination and safety.

A sativa like Durban Poison or Green Crack is perfect for energy, mental stamina, and sensory engagement without causing heavy sedation.

Rock Climbing and Indoor Bouldering

Cannabis enhances focus and body awareness, both of which are crucial for climbing. Indoor gyms provide a safe and controlled space to explore climbing after consuming cannabis. Climbers may find themselves entering a flow state while climbing more easily with cannabis.

To stay clear-headed, opt for hemp or a sativa-dominant hybrid or a low-THC strain, such as ACDC. A sativa like Durban Poison is also an excellent choice to keep your energy high and your mind focused and clear.

Tips for a Thrilling, Cannabis-Enhanced Day

Choose Your Strain Wisely: When selecting a cannabis strain for your thrilling activity, make sure it’s one you’re already familiar with or choose non-intoxicating hemp options altogether. Trying a new strain the same day isn’t ideal, as you won’t have a baseline for how it affects you before adding a new or thrilling experience. For example, if you know a particular strain provides the right balance of desired effects with your chosen thrilling adventure, it will pair more seamlessly. In the days or weeks leading up to the adventure, test a few cannabis strains to see which effects might be the best fit. 

Safety First: Always be mindful of your dosage and personal tolerance, especially when consuming before thrilling activities. Start with small or micro doses to assess how your body reacts to the exciting stimuli paired with your chosen cannabis strain. You can consume more cannabis later, but starting with a lower dose is essential.

Hydrating and Snacking: Staying hydrated is essential during any exciting activity, especially when consuming cannabis. Cannabis can cause dry mouth, so be sure to bring plenty of water, electrolytes, or a water filtration device for longer trips. If you plan to be active for an extended period, pack snacks like trail mix to maintain energy and satisfy the munchies when they hit!

Key Takeaways 

Cannabis deepens our connection to thrilling experiences by making them more immersive, exciting, and therapeutic. The right strain and dosage can lift your mood, calm your nerves, and sharpen your senses—key ingredients for turning ordinary outings into thrilling, extraordinary adventures. 

No matter which thrilling activity you choose, pairing cannabis or hemp with high-energy activities will likely allow you to experience it more fully. Remember, safety first. Know your tolerance level and select a strain that matches your vibe. With thoughtful intention of your cannabis consumption before these experiences, you’ll transform your next thrilling adventure into a genuine high point—in every sense of the word.

Note: The content on this page is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be professional medical advice. Do not attempt to self-diagnose or prescribe treatment based on the information provided. Always consult a physician before making any decision on the treatment of a medical condition.

The post Cannabis Adventures: Thrilling Activities To Do While Stoned appeared first on Cannabis Central.

On June 5, 1981, the US Centers for Disease Control published an article titled “Pneumocystis Pneumonia– Los Angeles” that reported on five cases of a rare lung infection in previously healthy, young, gay men in Los Angeles. The story revealed that along with this rare lung condition, the men had other uncommon infections, implying that their immune systems were not functioning correctly.

Over the next several days, doctors from around the country started contacting the CDC with accounts of similar experiences. They were all encountering gay men who had previously been healthy but were now developing bizarre, rarely-seen opportunistic infections and cancers. Clueless as to what was actually at the root of these illnesses, the scientific and queer communities began to refer to the pandemic as “Gay Men’s Pneumonia” or “gay cancer.”

Later that summer, Larry Kramer, an acclaimed playwright, author, and director, convened a meeting in his New York City apartment to discuss the crisis. The 80 gay men who attended the gathering raised $6,635 for research—the only funds raised to fight HIV/AIDS that year.

In those early years, fighting HIV/AIDs was very much a grassroots effort. There was little, if any, support from public health agencies and government bodies. And in their desperation for answers and solutions, the queer community was willing to try anything, including medical cannabis.

The Father of Medical Marijuana and Brownie Mary

In his memoir, Dennis Peron described himself as “a gay kid from Long Island who joined the Air Force to get away from home.” He arrived in San Francisco in 1969 carrying two pounds of cannabis in his bag and quickly began selling weed, building a reputation as one of the city’s biggest dealers. As a Vietnam veteran and proud member of the LGBTQIA+ community, he actively protested for equal rights, helped get Harvey Milk elected, and lived openly with his long-term partner, Jonathan West. 

When AIDs began ravaging his community, Peron was hearing from sick friends and acquaintances that cannabis helped manage some of their worst symptoms like nausea and AIDS-related wasting syndrome. So he began supplying as many people as he could, working in tandem with other cannabis advocates like Mary Rathburn. 

A retiree, Mary Rathbun, started selling pot brownies in the 1970s to help supplement her social security income. In 1981, authorities arrested her and sentenced her to 500 hours of community service. It was through this court-ordered volunteer work that she met and informally adopted hundreds of San Franciscans dying of AIDs. After learning how much cannabis helped with their pain management, Rathburn began giving away her pot brownies to sick locals, baking upwards of 1,600 a month just to meet demands.

In 1992, police arrested Brownie Mary, as Rathburn was affectionately called, while she was on her way to distribute a batch of brownies around San Francisco General Hospital’s AIDS ward. Realizing how sensational the story could be, Rathburn and Peron put their heads together and created a media blitz around her case, giving interviews to the press and emphasizing the contrast between Rathburn’s real persona (a white-haired, advocate with a long record of recognized volunteer work) and the state’s story (that she was a criminal with no regard for the law).

In the summer of that year, San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors invited Rathburn to meet with them. Her testimony about the value of medical cannabis was so influential that the board passed a resolution that deprioritized the arrests and persecution of medical marijuana suppliers. 

READ: Who Was Dennis Peron and How Did He Impact Cannabis Legalization?

The Cannabis Buyers’ Club

Seizing on that shift in attitude, Peron founded the Cannabis Buyers’ Club, the first medical dispensary in the United States, in 1994. Although not strictly legal, Peron banked on the newly passed resolution to prevent the law from interfering with the business.

When the San Francisco Cannabis Buyers’ Club opened well over a decade into the HIV/AIDs epidemic, there were still very few medications available for sick individuals. Cannabis was, for many, the absolute best option for managing their pain and the debilitating side effects of the few medications that did exist. The dispensary also acted as a sort of community center for those with HIV/AIDs, featuring a cafe, several lounges, and a performance space in addition to the retail area. 

In 1996, it also became the de facto headquarters for Proposition 215. Peron and Anna Boyce, a registered nurse and cancer patient advocate, spearheaded the ballot measure, which would allow anyone in California to legally buy medical cannabis with a doctor’s recommendation. The members of the Cannabis Buyers’ Club worked around the clock from the downtown storefront to collect signatures and garner support for the resolution. 

Their effort paid off, and later that year, California passed the Compassionate Use Act, becoming the first state in the country to legalize the sale of medical marijuana. 

An Enduring Legacy

As of 2025, 39 states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical marijuana. Jonathan Caulkins, a public policy professor at Carnegie Mellon University, told SFGATE that the gay community in San Francisco during the ’80s and ’90s largely shaped the country’s current stance on medical cannabis, not the Capitol Hill politicians who often try to take credit.

The grassroots efforts of people like Peron and Rathburn inspired the reforms we benefit from today. Without their strategic and tireless efforts, folks who rely on cannabis to help with chronic pain or alleviate the side effects of treatments like chemotherapy would likely have a much harder time getting access to the drug. 

Although the original San Francisco Cannabis Buyers’ Club closed in 1998 after a judge shut it down, you can continue its work by destigmatizing cannabis use, organizing for medical legalization in the 11 states that still prohibit it, or getting involved with its direct offshoots, such as the Brownie Mary Club, the nation’s first political party-affiliated cannabis club.

The post How HIV/AIDs Activists Changed the Course of Medical Cannabis appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Sipping on a chilled glass of wine can be a relaxing and luxurious way to unwind. Smoking a joint, on the other hand, is the fastest way to experience relaxation, pain relief, and other benefits from cannabinoids.

But what if you could combine both? Enter cannabis wine, the beverage that melds the social ease of wine with cannabinoids’ therapeutic perks. Let’s dive into the cannabis wine vs. joints conversation to see how they compare and help you pick between sipping and smoking.

What’s Cannabis Wine?

Cannabis wine is typically grape wine infused with the full spectrum of cannabinoids or specific cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD). The wine may be alcoholic or non-alcoholic, red or white, or even sparkling. Sipping on it provides cannabis’ therapeutic or euphoric effects via ingestion.

What Does Cannabis Wine Taste Like?

The taste depends on the type of wine used as the base. For instance, if it’s a sweet wine like Moscato, you can expect fruity, floral notes, while a dry red will have bolder flavors. It’ll also have a noticeable cannabis flavor, but its intensity will depend on the wine’s cannabis content.

Of course, the specific cannabis flavor will depend on the strain used to make the wine. For instance, a strain like Pineapple Express might add tropical, citrusy notes, while something like OG Kush could bring in earthy, woody undertones. The result is a layered tasting experience that blends the wine’s original profile with the unique character of the cannabis strain.

Effects of Non-Alcoholic Cannabis Wine

A non-alcoholic wine won’t get you drunk, regardless of how much you drink. Since a non-alcoholic wine can’t cause intoxicating effects, you’ll only feel the impairing or therapeutic effects of its cannabinoid content.

If it’s a full-spectrum wine, you may experience balanced euphoric effects that will be more pronounced the more you drink. Non-alcoholic wines infused with only CBD may have a calming effect without any intoxication, making them ideal for stress relief or unwinding without the high. In contrast, a wine infused with THC, cannabis’ psychoactive compound, may cause a more euphoric, body-centered high.

Besides the number of glasses you drink, the wine’s THC or CBD levels will also determine its effects. For instance, a glass of wine with 20% THC may cause faster and more intense impairing effects than one with 5% THC.

Effects of Alcoholic Cannabis Wine

An alcoholic cannabis wine offers a double whammy of impairing effects — intoxication from the alcohol and a high from the cannabis. This combination can amplify the effects of both substances, leading to a stronger sense of relaxation, sedation, or euphoria. And the more you drink, the more impaired your motor skills, judgment, and coordination will be.

As with any alcoholic drink, it’s important to consume canna-wine responsibly and be mindful of how your body responds to its alcohol and cannabis content. Like edibles, non-alcoholic cannabis wines may take up to 2 hours to fully kick in.

Alcoholic versions, on the other hand, may start working within 15 to 20 minutes because alcohol speeds up your body’s cannabinoid absorption. Alcohol and cannabinoids also slow each other’s metabolism, making effects stronger and last longer. Also, the effects of cannabis wine can last for 4 to 10 hours, regardless of whether it’s alcoholic or not.

What’s a Joint?

A joint is cannabis or flower wrapped with rolling paper into a cigarette. You torch one end and put your lips on the other to inhale smoke from the burning cannabis. It’s the classic way to enjoy cannabis and probably is still the most popular marijuana consumption method for millennia.

Effects of Smoking Joints

Smoking a joint delivers fast effects through smoke inhalation. The inhaled smoke goes to your lungs, where cannabinoids like THC are absorbed almost instantly into the bloodstream. Unlike ingesting cannabis, which can take hours to take effect, you can feel the cannabinoids from smoking within 2 to 10 minutes.

What you’ll experience from smoking a joint depends on the strain’s cannabinoid content and how much you smoke. For example, a few puffs of a high-THC strain may cause intense euphoric effects. In contrast, a whole joint of 0.3% THC hemp may leave you relaxed without pronounced psychoactive effects.

Why Choose Cannabis Wine Over Joints?

• Respiratory Safety: If you have or want to avoid respiratory issues, cannabis wine is better than smoking. The smoke from a joint can irritate your throat and lungs, exacerbating existing respiratory issues or increasing the risk of developing one. Besides your respiratory health, smoking may also endanger your oral health.
• Discreet Consumption: Compared to smoking, sipping cannabis wine is less likely to draw unwanted attention. Drinking wine also won’t leave you smelling of marijuana smoke, which most societal circles find off-putting.
• Longer, Smoother Experience: It may take longer to feel the effects of cannabinoids with cannabis wine, but once the effects hit, they tend to last longer than smoking. The prolonged effect makes wine better for a sustained cannabinoid experience without the harshness of the smoke from a joint.
• Classier: Wine is often seen as a social beverage, making cannabis wine more welcome than smoking at most gatherings. Some may even consider cannabis wine to be highbrow and smoking lowbrow.
• Potential Health Benefits: With non-alcoholic cannabis wine, you can enjoy the benefits of CBD or THC without the intoxication, toxicity, or hangover associated with alcohol.
• Preference: If you’re more of a drinker than a smoker, you’ll find cannabis wine more attractive and satisfying than joints.
• Flavoring: Cannabis wine provides a unique way to add flavor and cannabinoids to your dishes. For example, instead of making a regular wine reduction, make a cannabis red wine reduction for your steaks, pasta, and other recipes.

Why Choose Joints Over Cannabis Wine?

• Cheaper: Buying flower and rolling paper costs far less than a bottle of cannabis wine. So, if you want a potent cannabis experience without overspending, joints are a better deal.
• Faster Effect: If using cannabis for anxiety or pain relief, smoking may be the better option because it works quickly. Unlike wine, which can take half an hour to an hour to take effect, you’ll feel cannabis within minutes of smoking or vaping it.
• Convenience: Joints are portable and easy to use, without the need for glasses, bottles, or special storage. This makes them perfect for a quick smoke session.
• Alcoholism: If you’re a recovering alcoholic or at risk for alcohol dependence, joints may be safer than wine.
• Accurate Dosing: With cannabis wine, it’s easy to overdo it and drink more than you should, which can lead to experiencing unwanted effects. Joints, on the other hand, let you control doses with each puff. Also, since you’ll feel the effects within minutes, you’re less likely to smoke more than you intended.

READ: Introducing France’s First Cannabis-Infused Wine from The Heart of Bordeaux

How Does Alcohol Interact with Cannabinoids?

A 2015 study finds that alcohol potentially enhances the effects of cannabinoids. 19 participants of the study had higher THC levels in their blood when alcohol was involved compared to when it wasn’t. Also, with alcohol, THC stayed in their systems longer, with some participants still testing positive for active THC in the blood up to 8.3 hours later.

Based on these findings, cannabis wine with the same cannabinoid content as a joint will feel more potent. This will be due to alcohol amplifying and prolonging the effects of the cannabinoids, and vice versa, due to absorption and metabolic interactions.

Also, don’t forget that cannabis affects everyone differently. As such, your experience combining cannabis and wine may slightly or greatly differ from what you’ve heard about it.

Health Considerations

Even though cannabis wine is less harmful to your respiratory system than smoking, you should still use it with caution or at least responsibly. Why? The combined effects of alcohol and THC are stronger than if you use the substances individually. The enhanced impairing effect can severely impact your decision-making, motor function, cognition, perception, and more.

However, the intensity of the effect from using alcohol and cannabis may vary based on your dosage, tolerance, and the potency of the substances. It’s also important to remember that people can have very different reactions to the same mix of alcohol and weed.

If you want to play it safe, choose a non-alcoholic wine with less than 0.3% THC. Its low THC content means you can experience the therapeutic benefits of cannabis without the impairing effects of alcohol or THC. This is especially important if you have a history of substance abuse or mental health conditions that THC or alcohol might worsen.

That said, you should skip cannabis wine altogether if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, driving, operating heavy machinery, or taking medications that interact with alcohol or cannabinoids.

Legal Considerations

You can share a joint or a bottle of cannabis wine with friends, or enjoy it by yourself (responsibly). However, if you do so in a state where cannabis is illegal, you could face jail time. Alcoholic cannabis wine may also get you into trouble if you drink in public, especially in jurisdictions where drinking outside is illegal.

Lastly, driving while high or drunk is unsafe and illegal. The same goes for operating heavy machinery and caring for children while impaired. So, while you can have cannabis wine or a joint for fun or therapeutic benefits, make sure you do so responsibly and without breaking the law.

The post Cannabis Wine vs. Joints: To Sip or Smoke? appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Born between 1997 and 2012, Gen Z is the largest generation in history. The cohort currently makes up 25% of the global population, and although only a small portion of them have reached legal age, their size and spending power have already begun to have massive impacts on our culture at large.

The cannabis industry, in particular, has seen some major changes as Gen Z has begun entering the market and conversation. From more open attitudes to purchasing habits to consumption rates and takes on sobriety, here’s a look at the primary ways the generation is shaping cannabis culture.

Normalizing cannabis use

Millennials, born between 1981 and 1996, are still the largest adult generation in the world. For years, they have been leading the charge when it comes to legalizing marijuana use. According to the Pew Research Center, 62% of millennials think that cannabis should be legalized for medical and recreational use— a significantly higher percentage than the 50% of Gen X and 42% of Baby Boomers. 

However, even their acceptance rate pales in comparison to the 71% of (adult) Gen Z who feel that cannabis should be legalized for both medical and recreational use. Gen Zers aren’t just preaching openness; they’re practicing it, too. They’re pushing for more than just legal weed— they want to normalize cannabis use as well. 

When track star Sha’Carri Richardson tested positive for cannabis, the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency suspended her for one month. Her disqualification sparked mixed reactions, with many younger supporters on social media platforms like Reddit and X calling the rule that barred her from the Tokyo Olympics dumb and outdated. Their reactions to her punishment indicate that they’re serious about normalizing cannabis use in a way the generations before them haven’t been. 

Multiplying the Industry’s Value

Gen Z is set to significantly impact the cannabis industry’s market value, thanks in part to a generational shift in perspective and their experience growing up in a world where cannabis has always been legal.

In 2019, Bloomberg reported that the cannabis industry was worth just over $10 billion. It predicted that as more and more Gen Z consumers aged into adulthood, the market’s valuation would blow up. The reason? Gen Z is twice as likely as the average American to use cannabis.

The outlet was right. Today, the US cannabis market is estimated to be worth around $38.5 billion, with projections that it will reach $76.39 billion by 2030. 

Interestingly, it’s Gen Z women who are primarily driving this increase. In 2021, NBC reported that, year-over-year, cannabis sales for Gen Z women grew the fastest at 151%. They were followed by Gen Z men (118%), Millennials (50%), and Gen X (30%).

Pushing for Products

Aside from changing attitudes and increased spending power, industry experts agree that there’s another common factor driving cannabis sales among Gen Z consumers— packaging and product variations.

While previous generations were okay with limited product options (think cannabis flowers and the occasional pre-rolled joint) served up in unbranded baggies or brown paper, Gen Z requires a little more. They are, after all, notoriously brand-conscious and aesthetically driven. Traditional consumer brands are now influencing the largest players in the industry, who are selling products with well-designed packaging, clear labeling, modern branding, and standardized dosing.

Cannabis companies are also offering a much wider range of products thanks to Gen Z consumers. Their thirst for variety means that offerings have evolved beyond just your choice of flower or pre-rolled joints to things like vapes, edibles with standardized doses, topicals, tinctures, pills, oils, infused beverages, and so much more. 

The rise of Gen Z consumers has changed the way we buy cannabis products. The first “digitally native” consumer cohort, Gen Z, prefers a technology-first, personalized, and seamless shopping experience, and the cannabis market is shifting to meet those preferences. Most people these days buy cannabis through online delivery services or directly from a specific brand’s website, although some independent dealers are still around. 

READ: Gen Z Women Are the Quickest Growing Group of Cannabis Consumers

Changing Cannabis Consumption Patterns

There’s also a marked change in cannabis consumption patterns with Gen Z consumers. Where Millennials and Gen Xers mix their cannabis use with alcohol and other hard drugs, Gen Z vastly prefers a Cali sober lifestyle.

According to Fortune, Gen Z drinks 20% less than millennials. A more health-conscious generation is unwilling to take on the health risks that come with frequent alcohol consumption. Instead, their substance use tends to center around weed. 

Darren Weiss, president of Verano Holdings, told Fortune that his company “sells more products to more consumers every month than it did the month before—without opening new stores or entering new states, but simply by growing within its existing market. He also emphasized that this upward trend isn’t limited to seasonal patterns, like Dry January, but continues consistently throughout the year.”

This preference for cannabis over things like alcohol is a driving factor behind the rise of cannabis lounges. Bars have often been a center of socialization for Millennials and Gen Xers, but with alcohol’s decline in popularity, Gen Z is looking for a different type of third space, and finding it in these cannabis-centered meeting spots.

Tackling Injustice

But of all of the changes Gen Z is driving in the cannabis industry, perhaps the most meaningful one is the way they are challenging the injustices that have long existed. 

The most diverse generation in history— according to Nielsen, almost half of Gen Z is nonwhite, and they’re 7.7% more likely to identify with an LGBTQIA+ identity— the group is particularly positioned to see how inherent racism in the system plays out in particularly unfair ways when it comes to weed. 

While it’s legal to buy a THC-laced beverage at a dispensary or smoke weed in public at a lounge, there are still hundreds of people (many of whom are minorities) behind bars for possession of now-sanctioned amounts. One study done by the Marshall Project found that even in states where medical and recreational marijuana use is legal, Black Americans are far more likely to be arrested for possession than white Americans. 

Gen Z’s refusal to take these sorts of injustices on the chin has led to the creation of programs like New York’s Cannabis Revenue Fund, which sees 40% of cannabis tax revenue distributed among communities that were unfairly targeted by the state’s long war on drugs, and the Last Prisoner Project, a non-profit that seeks to free the thousands of folks incarcerated on low-level cannabis charges. 

As older-generation cannabis consumers, we hope that of all the changes Gen Z brings to the industry, this is the one that sticks. 

The post How Is Gen Z Influencing the Cannabis Industry? appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Palms are sweaty, knees weak, arms are heavy. No, these aren’t the lyrics to Eminem’s Lose Yourself. These are classic symptoms of flight anxiety, and if you’re one of the 25 million people in the U.S. who experience them, you’re not alone.

Would you like a solution? If so, you’re in the right place because, in this article, we’ll explore the fear of flying and how cannabis may help.

What Causes Fear of Flying

Fear of flying, also called flight anxiety, aviophobia, or aerophobia, is the feeling of overwhelming dread or anxiety once you’re on a plane or even think of getting on one. The fear can be due to several factors, such as fear of heights, claustrophobia, or feeling out of control. It may also stem from general anxiety, past flight trauma, or lingering fear after watching the first Final Destination movie.

For some people, fear of flying causes mild nervousness, while others have full-blown panic attacks that make getting on a plane torturous. Depending on the severity of your fear of flying, you may also experience:

• Sweating
• Heart racing
• Nausea
• Hyperventilation
• Gastric distress
• Dizziness
• Irritability
• Shortness of breath
• Trembling
• A strong urge to get off the plane
• Obsessing over something going wrong
• Panic attacks

How Cannabis Might Help with Fear of Flying

Since aerophobia typically presents as anxiety, nausea, and panic, a doctor may prescribe antianxiety medication like Valium or Xanax to calm your nerves. You may also be prescribed an antihistamine-based, motion sickness medication like meclizine or dimenhydrinate (Dramamine®) to ease nausea.

However, numerous studies show that cannabis can work similarly to these medications without the same risk of dependency or heavy sedation. It’s ideal if you want a natural, plant-based option to ease flight anxiety or motion sickness.

Research published in the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology showed that 96.4% of 886 participants experienced significant nausea relief within five minutes of using cannabis. According to a 2019 study on Cannabinoid Modulation of Fear Extinction Brain Circuits, cannabinoids, especially tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), may help alleviate fear and treat anxiety disorders.

There’s also research from Johns Hopkins University that suggests cannabis can significantly reduce feelings of anxiety and panic by helping you relax. Lastly, a 2020 study on the Endocannabinoid System in Modulating Fear, Anxiety, and Stress pointed out that using cannabis in the right amount may help you relax and minimize fear, anxiety, and stress responses.

All of these findings suggest that cannabis may be a powerful tool for lowering flight anxiety during your next trip.

Choosing the Right Cannabis Product for Flying

The cannabis plant, especially its flower, contains several beneficial compounds, such as cannabinoids. The most popular of these cannabinoids is THC, which causes euphoric effects, and cannabidiol (CBD), which is calming and non-intoxicating.

Both cannabinoids are effective for lowering anxiety, but too much THC can itself cause anxiety and paranoia to worsen your aerophobia. As such, it’s safer to use pure CBD or a full-spectrum cannabis product with a low THC content. Full-spectrum products with less than 10% THC usually contain enough CBD and other cannabinoids to balance or soften THC’s psychotropic effects.

In summary, the ideal cannabis products for flight anxiety are pure CBD or high-CBD, low-THC options. These provide calming effects without overwhelming impairment that might worsen flight-induced anxiety, fear, or panic. However, your experience may vary depending on the exact ratio of cannabinoids, your tolerance, consumption method, and dose.

How to Use Cannabis for Flight Anxiety

If you’re caught smoking, vaping, or even carrying marijuana on a plane, you could face serious legal consequences. Since that’s illegal, what are your options for using cannabis to ease your fear of flying?

Cannabis with less than 0.3% THC is federally legal, so it’s fine to travel with, according to TSA. However, some airports, such as Denver International Airport in Colorado and Las Vegas’s McCarran International Airport, have their own policies that consider any form of cannabis on airport premises illegal.

Instead of risking taking cannabis with you on a plane for flight anxiety, your safest option is to dose before entering the airport. How? Edibles or pills. Ingested cannabis can take 30 to 90 minutes before you feel it, and its effect can last for 4 to 12 hours.

So, if you time it right, you can eat an edible outside the airport, feel the effects by the time you board, and let it work its magic during your flight. Of course, this only works if you have no boarding or flight delays.

Alternatively, you could board your domestic flight with a CBD tincture. It should be in its original, clearly labeled packaging for easy identification and contain less than 0.3% THC. Pack it in your carry-on bag, following TSA’s 3.4 oz or 100 ml liquid limit. It is not recommended to travel internationally with cannabis products due to strict customs and border laws in the US and abroad.

Unlike edibles, tinctures are fast-acting and taken under the tongue, meaning you can use one on the plane as needed to calm your anxiety. However, there are no guarantees it won’t get you into trouble with TSA, CBP, flight attendants, or customs at your destination, especially if traveling abroad.

READ: A Quick Guide to Traveling With Medical Marijuana

Can I Use Just CBD for Aerophobia?

Yes, you can use pure CBD, such as a CBD distillate or isolate, for aerophobia. Studies show that CBD can ease anxiety and reduce nausea without the impairing risks of THC.

According to research on the Use of Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Anxiety, CBD interacts with several nervous system receptors, including serotonin and cannabinoid receptors. These interactions contribute to CBD’s anxiety-reducing (anxiolytic) effects. The study also suggests that CBD may increase levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide to enhance the cannabinoid’s anxiety-reducing properties.

However, you need to get the dose right for your desired results. Using too much CBD may lead to severe drowsiness or digestive discomfort, while too little might not ease your anxiety. Also, don’t expect CBD or any other cannabis product to completely erase your flight anxiety. It can only lower it, along with anxious heart rates, to more tolerable levels.

Can I Use Just THC for Aerophobia?

You can use a small dose of a pure or high THC product for aerophobia (fear of flying), but it’s not always the best idea. While THC may help you relax, too much of it can backfire, causing anxiety, paranoia, or even a full-blown panic attack. This is more likely if you’re already under stress.

So, while THC might help some people relax before a flight, for others, it might make things worse. Your safest bet is to use CBD or a full-spectrum product with a high CBD-to-THC ratio.

Do’s and Don’ts for Using Cannabis to Calm Your Aerophobia

Do’s

• Do choose high-CBD, low-THC products for their calming effects and minimal intoxication.
• Do test the product days before your flight to see how your body reacts and identify the right dose to use.
• Pair your cannabis use with calming distractions, such as a relaxing playlist, a breathing app, or a book, for a more soothing experience.
• Do use full-spectrum products with terpenes like linalool, terpinolene, or myrcene for extra calming effects.
• Do use discreet methods like tinctures or capsules, as they’re subtle and easier to dose.
• Do time your dose if using an oral CBD product – take it about 60 minutes before boarding to give it enough time to take effect.
• Do stay hydrated and eat a light meal to prevent dry mouth, dizziness, or intensified effects mid-flight.
• Do check local and airport laws because even legal cannabis can be banned for specific airports or flights.

Don’ts

• Don’t smoke or vape at the airport or on the plane, as these are illegal and may get you arrested.
• Don’t use high-THC products if you’re sensitive to anxiety or panic because high doses of this cannabinoid may worsen things.
• Don’t take cannabis for the first time before a flight because unfamiliar effects in a stressful situation can backfire.
• Don’t bring cannabis on international flights, as even CBD may cause issues with customs in foreign countries and when returning to the US (Customs and Border Patrol).
• Don’t forget that cannabinoids affect everyone differently, so finding the right dose for your needs may take some trial and error.
• Don’t overdo it with a large dose; start with a low dose and increase only if needed.

Alternatives if You Can’t Fly with Cannabis

If you live in a cannabis-unfriendly state, prescription medications like benzodiazepines (i.e., Xanax®) can help with flight anxiety. Over-the-counter aids like melatonin or Benadryl® can also help you relax by sedating you, while Dramamine® can reduce nausea.

Alternatively, distract yourself with noise-canceling headphones playing soothing music or an engaging podcast. You could also watch a movie or play games. If natural relaxation techniques like deep breathing or guided meditation work for you, you can try those too. 

In severe cases, working with a licensed clinical psychologist using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or other strategies often helps the most. They may conduct exposure therapy as well, incrementally exposing you to air travel-related triggers until you are ready to fly.

The post Beating Your Fear Of Flying With Cannabis appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Addiction can be a difficult topic to discuss, thanks to the shame and stigma that often surround it. Society sends the harmful message that people struggling with drug and alcohol abuse suffer because of moral failings or poor choices, rather than recognizing addiction as a chronic illness that causes significant changes in the brain.

According to data reported by the United States National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2023, 48.5 million Americans battled substance use disorder. Among American adults aged 12 and over, 10.2% report struggling with alcohol use, 9.6% say they are dependent on drugs, and 2.7% admit to being addicted to both drugs and alcohol.

On top of these alarming figures, the U.S. spends an estimated $532 billion annually on substance abuse education, prevention, and treatment efforts. So not only does addiction have massive personal consequences, it also has negative effects on our communities at large. 

Statistics like these have many people considering adopting sober, or sober-curious, lifestyles. But what about a Cali sober lifestyle? Where does that fit in? And is it more of a passing trend, or could it really be the future of responsible substance use?

Defining Cali Sober

The term ”Cali sober” has been around for years, but only became popular around 2019, thanks to articles like this one from Vice that discussed the lifestyle extensively. At its core, being Cali sober is relatively simple— it just means using weed or psychedelics, but no other hard drugs or alcohol.

But does being Cali sober really qualify as being sober? That’s the biggest point of contention for many surrounding the term. The answer is kind of. 

The medical definition of sobriety is complete abstinence from all substances. So in that regard, no, being Cali sober is not really the same as being fully sober. But, if we’re talking about sobriety as a method of harm reduction— whether that harm reduction looks like stepping back from more damaging substance addictions or just trying to use substances responsibly— then we’d argue that yes, being Cali sober genuinely counts as a type of sobriety. 

Cannabis as Harm Reduction

Like almost any substance, cannabis, when used irresponsibly or in great excess, can be harmful. But generally speaking, it’s pretty low-impact.

Other substances, like alcohol or methamphetamines, can cause long-term organ damage, psychiatric problems, increase cancer risk, disability, or dementia risk, and even lead to death. But studies show that cannabis rarely, if ever, is an acute cause of death. And there is ample evidence that there are dozens of benefits to cannabis use. The National Institute of Health shared evidence that marijuana can be useful in treating many conditions, from chronic pain to insomnia to psychiatric conditions. 

Another thing research is showing is that cannabis may be effective in treating addiction to other substances. In a conversation with CNN, Yasmin Hurd, the director of the Addiction Institute at Mount Sinai School of Medicine, said she believes cannabis, specifically cannabidiol, is a “treatment to consider for opioid addiction and other drugs.” Though she notes, “we still haven’t figured out [exactly] how it works” in affecting those physical processes. 

Additionally, swapping cannabis in lieu of harder substances can have positive mental impacts. Speaking to CNN, Joe Schrank, the director of High Sobriety, said that abstinence from addictive substances is “a hard thing for people to do… I don’t know that we give people enough space to grow and develop [when engaging with treatment options].” Using cannabis, he believes, can help bridge that gap between the familiar point of addiction and the harsh reality of life without those cocooning substances. 

READ: How to Stop the Munchies After Getting High

Cali Sober As A Lifestyle

For those without prior addiction issues, a Cali sober lifestyle can also be a more responsible choice than regular indulgence in things like alcohol. Instead of winding down with a drink, electing to take an infused beverage or edible is the medically safer option.

The World Health Organization reports that alcohol in even small amounts, like a glass of wine at the end of a long day, can be detrimental to one’s health. The International Agency for Research on Cancer labeled it a Level 1 carcinogen decades ago, on par with things like tobacco and asbestos. And between 2015 and 2019, it’s estimated that excessive alcohol consumption led to over 140,000 deaths. 

On the other hand, experts widely agree that using cannabis prudently causes significantly less harm than consuming alcohol. Peter Grinspoon, a primary care physician, said to EatingWell, “There are few long-term effects of edibles for most people” so long as they have no underlying health conditions that could be aggravated by weed, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or are underage (cannabis consumption is shown to have a negative effects on developing brains). 

The Bottom Line

When taking into consideration all the current research that looks at the physical and mental harms caused by alcohol, hard drugs, and cannabis, it seems clear that going Cali sober is a less harmful and more responsible way to consume substances. As it stands right now, experts agree that cannabis has fewer negative cumulative effects than its alternatives. Where alcohol use over time can lead to things like fatty liver disease and kidney failure, and opioid use can lead to heart and breathing problems, cannabis use over time leads to… nothing. Researchers have not currently linked cannabis to any form of cancer, nor have they identified it as an acute cause of death. 

Of course, since scientists have only recently been able to study cannabis due to its recent legalization, future findings could change our understanding. It’s important for frequent cannabis users to keep up with research as it comes out, especially if they have underlying conditions they worry could be affected by their consumption habits. 

And, like any other substance out there, it is possible to become dependent on cannabis. While rare, especially when compared to other types of addiction, the CDC still recognizes cannabis use disorder as a real and pressing issue. Being honest with yourself about how your substance consumption impacts your life and relationships is always the most responsible way to indulge in anything. 

The post Cali Sober: A Passing Trend or the Future of Responsible Substance Use? appeared first on Cannabis Central.

Cannabis use for human athletes is increasingly popular because of its numerous therapeutic benefits. It’s a well-known and documented remedy used for centuries in both human and equine patients alike.

However, it’s a newly revived trend for horse and rider athletes in the modern equestrian community. As the stigma and legalization of cannabis continue to evolve, equestrian athletes are increasingly recognizing its potential to improve performance, recovery, and overall well-being. 

This article explores cannabis use in the equestrian world, its benefits for human and equine athletes, and how the industry navigates the changing landscape of cannabis regulations within equestrian organizations.

The Changing Perceptions of Cannabis in Equestrian Sports 

Many athletes across various sports use cannabis for pain relief, reducing inflammation, managing anxiety, improving sleep, aiding recovery, and other sports-related side effects. As cannabis use continues to gain traction in non-equestrian sports, numerous organizations have started adjusting their policies to accommodate athletes who incorporate it into their routines.

In contrast, the modern equestrian community has only recently begun recognizing its benefits. In equestrian sports, horses and riders compete as a team, relying on each other as partners. Human equestrians typically focus more on their horses’ health and well-being than their own. This may have slowed the acceptance of cannabis use for human equestrian athletes. The same could be true for equine athletes, as supplements and cannabis products for horses are relatively new. 

The reality is that horses are herbivores that naturally evolved to eat Cannabis on the Central Asian steppe thousands of years ago – and humans also recognized its equine veterinary potential for hundreds of years, too. However, as medical and recreational marijuana and hemp have recently become more widely legal, conversations about its benefits have grown. This newly increased awareness has prompted more equestrians to discuss and explore cannabis as a potential source of relief for themselves and their equine partners.

Overall, ​the equestrian community’s perception of cannabis has evolved notably in recent years. This was also likely influenced by changing regulations regarding cannabis within equestrian organizations.

Cannabis Use For Human Equestrian Athletes

Like athletes in other sports, human equestrians benefit from cannabis’ therapeutic effects for common ailments such as:

Pain and Inflammation Relief: Riders often experience joint pain or arthritis from repetitive movements and physical strain in and out of the saddle. Cannabis, including its active ingredients tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and especially cannabidiol (CBD), helps reduce pain and inflammation, providing relief for sore joints.

Muscle Recovery: Intensive riding and training can commonly lead to muscle soreness. CBD aids in muscle recovery by reducing pain and inflammation, thus speeding up recovery times. CBD, cannabigerol (CBG), and other whole-plant components like beta-caryophyllene have also been shown to improve DOMS symptoms in a recent small clinical trial.

Anxiety Reduction: Performance anxiety is common among equestrian athletes. Cannabis helps reduce anxiety, allowing riders to stay focused before and during competitions or providing stress relief afterward.

Sleep Quality Enhancement: Riders need quality sleep for recovery and performance, and many competitions are multi-day or even week-long events. Cannabis can improve sleep by easing pain, anxiety, and insomnia, helping riders rest better before the next day’s competition. 

However, in equestrian sports, drug testing of human and equine athletes is allowed, ensuring fair competition and protecting the welfare of the horses. The protocols and regulations for testing differ between organizations.

In the past, drug-testing agencies typically tested upper-level equestrian riders, including those at international or Olympic levels, less frequently than athletes in other sports. Instead, they more commonly tested the horses, while riders—especially those competing at lower levels—rarely underwent the same level of testing, even at rated competitions.

A few years ago, ahead of the 2018 FEI World Equestrian Games, the Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) announced an increase in drug testing for human athletes to comply with World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) standards, which are essential for equestrian sports to remain Olympic. 

Equestrian athletes must inform their doctors to ensure that cannabis use complies with WADA standards. If they require cannabis for medical reasons, they must apply for a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE). However, TUEs are generally not granted for THC, which is banned only in competition.

The Benefits of Cannabis Use for Equine Athletes 

The 2018 Farm Bill removed industrial hemp (defined as cannabis with 0.3% THC or less) from the list of controlled substances, classifying it instead as an agricultural commodity. This shift in legal status has led to hemp’s expanded use, particularly for CBD extraction in animal products. Today, equine athlete owners and trainers are increasingly turning to CBD for its therapeutic benefits, such as pain management, anxiety relief, and other health concerns. 

Horse owners most commonly use CBD as a cannabis product for their animals. Although many still view it as a controversial treatment, it’s becoming an increasingly popular addition to the health routines of equine athletes. While CBD research in equine patients is still in its infancy, so far it appears to be safe, effective, and well-tolerated in several case studies up to 2024.

CBD pellets and horse treats are a standard consumption method for horses that offer an easy and convenient way to incorporate CBD into the equine diet. These pellets are often designed to be palatable for even picky eaters and are simple to administer, making them a popular choice. CBD oil is also becoming a popular consumption method for horses. 

Some of the most common benefits of equine CBD are:

• Calming Effects: For horses that experience stress or anxiety, CBD is beneficial as it promotes relaxation without causing sedation. As such, CBD is an ideal choice for competition horses or those prone to separation anxiety, according to these limited case studies.

• Joint Support: Maintaining healthy joints is essential for horse athletes. CBD supplements combined with traditional joint support products like glucosamine and chondroitin can improve mobility and reduce inflammation. CBD is particularly effective in managing joint pain alongside magnesium and vitamin E supplements, according to recent equine case studies.

• Wellness and Recovery: Adding CBD to a horse’s diet can promote overall health for equine athletes. Its anti-inflammatory properties help with recovery and reduce soreness after intense exercise. CBD also supports the immune and digestive systems and contributes to overall well-being, making it a valuable component of equine performance nutrition.

READ: Survey Shows Sports Medicine Physicians Increasingly Favor CBD for Athletes

Research Regarding Cannabis Use for Equine Athletes 

Despite the significant lack of extensive research, CBD use in horses is becoming increasingly common. In equine health, research on CBD for horses primarily examines its safety and efficacy, such as its effects on sedation, heart rate, behavior, and potential for treating pain. 

One study at Colorado State University found that two different doses of CBD (1 mg/kg/day and 3 mg/kg/day) showed no adverse effects on horses after six weeks. However, liver enzyme values temporarily increased in some horses. 

A study from Louisiana State University found that 150 mg of CBD daily for 56 days had no adverse effect on body weight or blood chemistry and did not cause significant changes in sedation or ataxia. Research from Murray State University examined CBD’s impact on horse behavioral disorders, which are common in equine athletes, and concluded that CBD reduces anxiety and reactivity without negatively affecting heart rate.

CBD also shows potential for helping horses with colic-related pain, as colic is a common and potentially life-threatening condition in horses. Colic causes abdominal pain and occurs more frequently in performance horses that travel and compete regularly due to stress, changes in diet, and routines. A 2021 study identified cannabinoid receptors in the equine ileum, indicating a role in gut health, such as colic relief and inflammation management. Furthermore, boiled cannabis roots have been used to alleviate colic and other maladies in horses since the 1500s.

Another case study from 2019 shows significant improvement in a horse with mechanical allodynia (touch-related nerve pain) after 36 hours of CBD treatment, reducing hypersensitivity and pain. Mechanical allodynia occurs when a non-painful stimulus, like touch, triggers pain due to hypersensitivity. CBD could benefit performance horses by potentially aiding in relief from minor nerve damage and inflammation caused by injuries, laminitis, or chronic pain conditions common among equine athletes. 

Another study discovered a significant discrepancy between the intended and tested CBD levels in an oral supplement, highlighting the need for further investigation into CBD pharmacokinetics, metabolism, supplement stability, and its long-term use in horses. No health issues were observed in these horses, and previous research suggests these CBD levels are likely safe. 

While many horse owners and studies report CBD’s therapeutic benefits, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness, safety, proper dosage, and the accuracy of CBD levels in equine supplements. 

Hemp also offers benefits for equine athletes. Horse athletes can benefit from hemp by adding a rich source of essential fatty acids, protein, and fiber to their diet. It supports muscle recovery, joint health, and overall well-being. Hempseed oil, in particular, is recognized for its balanced omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid profile, helping to reduce inflammation and promote a healthy coat.

Hemp hulls are another great addition to the equine athlete’s diet because they provide a good source of fiber, supporting digestion and overall gut health. As a ‘cool feed,’ they don’t add extra heat to the horse’s system, making them beneficial for horses competing or exercising often. 

Cannabis Use for Equestrian Competition: Rules & Regulations 

Like in other sports, cannabis is a commonly banned substance in equestrian sports. Many organizations recently developed policies around its use due to its potential to enhance performance (i.e., less anxiety).

Each rated or international competition has its policies on banned substances, including cannabis. While some organizations maintain strict bans, others are shifting their stance, recognizing cannabis’s potential therapeutic benefits in their regulations.

Some of the major associations for equestrian sports and their current stance on cannabis use include: 

FEI Policy Update: In 2022, the Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI) reclassified cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDa) from banned substances to controlled medications, acknowledging their medical value.

USEF Regulations: The United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) maintains that CBD and related cannabinoids are prohibited in competition, citing potential effects on horse performance.

American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA): Starting January 1, 2020, horses competing at AQHA-approved shows that test positive for cannabinoids or related substances violate AQHA Rule VIO401.1. The rule bans any substance that could affect a horse’s performance.

Restrictions on Veterinarian Recommendations: In many states, veterinarians cannot prescribe or recommend CBD for horses due to the FDA’s lack of approval for animal use. However, some states like California and Nevada allow veterinarians to discuss cannabis with clients.

Equestrians who have found relief from cannabis for themselves and their horses hope that as cannabis gains broader legalization and recognition, competition policies will adapt accordingly.

Key Takeaways

The equestrian community’s growing acceptance of cannabis underscores its potential to support both human riders and their equine companions. Cannabis shows promise in enhancing recovery and other ailments for riders, while also aiding pain management and overall well-being in horses. 

However, ongoing research is crucial to ensure its safe and effective use for horses, as there is still limited knowledge of equine use. With further research, hopefully, greater integration of cannabis in the sport will shift equestrian organizations’ regulations toward allowing cannabis use for horses and riders.

The post Cannabis & The Equestrian Community appeared first on Cannabis Central.

If pain is an aspect of your cannabis journey, you might be interested in a Green Dragon tincture. This homemade creation will not turn you into a magic dragon, but it could make you feel on top of the world if you are dealing with chronic pain.

Pain can slow us down. When the body hurts, there is no way to deny it. Feeling sluggish and less productive, and having a desire to find a remedy that will help lift away the haze. When we find ways to alleviate pain, our productivity levels and feelings of happiness and wellness increase.

Green Dragon tincture can help those seeking deep relief and put a little more euphoria into their days with the formula to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.

What Is A Green Dragon Tincture?

Green Dragon tincture is an alcohol-based cannabis tincture. Named for its intense green coloring, this remedy has attracted people for thousands of years who embrace its powerful medical properties.

This Green Dragon tincture uses high-proof alcohol. It is created by soaking the plant materials in alcohol for several days to develop a blend of cannabis and terpenes, creating a medicinal liquid.

Benefits Of DIY Cannabis Tinctures

This formula has the potential to help people feel relief from different forms of pain. These could include inflammation, migraines, menstrual cramps, and muscle spasms.

Many cannabis consumers prefer quick and easy methods over some more traditional uses, such as smoking or edibles. While most edibles can take around 30 minutes to 2 hours to feel the onset of effects, cannabis tinctures can take effect anywhere from 5 minutes to 20 minutes. 

For some, methods of smoking could be too harsh on a body that is already working through chronic pain conditions. Tincture users typically consume them by placing a dose under the tongue with an eyedropper. This method is simple and requires little effort.

There are many reasons why medical cannabis is preferred to be consumed through an herbal tincture:

• Fast Onset Effects. When consumed at a reasonable dosage, the effects of cannabis tincture can typically onset within 5 to 15 minutes.

• Easy Dosing. To simplify the process, tinctures are dispensed from a measured eyedropper for the utmost ease and accuracy of dosing.

• Long Shelf-Life. When developed and stored correctly, cannabis tinctures can last for over a year.

• Flexible Usage. In addition to dropping doses under the tongue, tinctures can be added to edibles, beverages, and cooking oils.

How Do You Make Green Dragon Tinctures?

Making a Green Dragon cannabis tincture is simple. The process requires nothing more than some cannabis flower, a canning jar, a cheesecloth, and pure-grain alcohol. 

Materials Needed:

• ⅛ of cannabis flower (decarboxylated)
• 2 oz of Everclear or comparable pure-grain alcohol.
• A glass canning jar, such as a Mason or Bell jar.
• Cheesecloth

Directions:

1. Fill your glass jar about ¾ of the way full with cannabis flower. You may pack down, but do not overpack it. 
2. Add Everclear to the jar until it completely covers the cannabis material. Generally, about a finger above the plant material is good coverage.
3. Put the lid on and give it a good shake.
4. Place the jar in a cool, dark place for storage.
5. Wait 20 days.
6. After 20 days, strain the mixture using a cheesecloth or a small strainer. Once separated, you now have a Green Dragon tincture!

The liquid can be stored in a small bottle or container. Preferably, you will want to use one with a measured dropper included. This method should produce about 1 oz of Green Dragon tincture.

When complete, the cannabis tincture should be a dark green or brown color.

THC Tincture Dosage Guide: Basic Principles

Understanding the level of dosage that you want to consume will be the next priority after you have successfully made your own Green Dragon tincture!

This dosage guide is based on a 500 mg cannabinoid content, one fl oz tincture.

Place the desired amount under the tongue and hold for about one minute when using a dropper. This method is called “sublingual consumption.” This allows for the cannabis to be absorbed into your bloodstream.

If this is your first tincture use, you may want to begin with a low dosage. Consider consuming less than 0.10 ml to understand the onset effects before proceeding.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is The Most Effective Way To Take A Tincture?

The most effective way to consume a cannabis tincture is through the use of a dropper to place the liquid under your tongue. Hold the tincture under your tongue for one minute.

This is known as “sublingual consumption,” which leads the cannabis tincture to be absorbed through the bloodstream instead of being directly digested. Through this consumption method, the onset time of the tincture can range from 5 minutes to 20 minutes.

What Is The Green Dragon Tincture Used For?

Green Dragon tincture is an alcohol-based cannabis tincture. It has been known for its medicinal properties, which may help consumers relieve pain.

The therapeutic benefits of THC and CBD tinctures are many and vary from person to person. Green Dragon tincture is known to relieve a range of conditions, including physical pain, inflammation, menstrual cramps, muscle spasms, depression, anxiety, migraines, and more.

How Fast Do Cannabis Tinctures Work?

When consumed in the most effective manner, dropping the tincture dosage under the tongue and holding for one minute, an onset time between 5 and 15 minutes can be expected.

The effects of cannabis tinctures can last for up to 4 hours.

What Is The Best Base For Cannabis Tinctures?

The best option for a stand-alone cannabis tincture base would be a food-grade ethyl ethanal. 

It instinctively binds with cannabinoids and has a neutral taste. Another option is food-grade glycerine, which is odorless, colorless, and widely used throughout the food industry.

Due to their high potency, Green Dragon tinctures require a different base type: Evergreen or comparable pure-grain alcohol.

How Do You Make A Strong Herbal Tincture?

Pure-grain alcohol is a standard option for making a potent herbal tincture. 

For most cannabis tinctures, using 80-proof alcohol, like vodka, or 190-proof like Everclear, can help make a potent mixture. The higher the alcohol proof, the stronger your herbal tincture will be.

Why Do People Like Green Dragon Tinctures?

Some people prefer a consumption method like Green Dragon tincture for various reasons. Green Dragon tinctures are highly potent, fast-acting, and easy to consume with little effort.

Some want to consume medical cannabis but, due to health conditions or chronic pain, may be unable to engage in smoking at the risk of inhaling, causing further issues for their bodies. This is an excellent choice for senior citizens who want to use medical cannabis.

Green Dragon tinctures are certainly appreciated for being strong and speedy.

How Does A Tincture Compare To CBD Oil?

Traditional cannabis tincture makers use specific bases like food-grade ethyl ethanol or food-grade glycerine to create tinctures with THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) or CBD (Cannabidiol). Tinctures made with higher potency, such as Green Dragon tincture, will use high-proof alcohol.

CBD oils have two ingredients: CBD and carrier oil, such as coconut oil. CBD oil can be used topically and usually contains minimal ingredients like vitamins and supplements.

How Long Does It Take For A Cannabis Tincture To Kick In?

The effects of a cannabis tincture can typically take up to 15 or 20 minutes to kick in.

Once effects have taken place, they can be ongoing for up to 4 hours in most cases.

The post A Medical Cannabis Tincture: How To Make Green Dragon Tincture appeared first on Cannabis Central.